Table 2

Effect of diet programs on indices of glycemic control and body weight


Week 0
Week 12
Week 24
Week 0 to 24
Between Groups
Between Groups Adjusted*

mean ± sd
mean ± sd
mean ± sd
mean change
p value
p value

LGID
n = 29
n = 29
n = 29



     Hemoglobin A1c, %
8.3 ± 1.9
7.5 ± 1.7
7.8 ± 2.1
-0.5
0.03
0.06
     Fasting glucose, mg/dL
166.8 ± 63.7
140.7 ± 39.9
150.8 ± 47.4
-16.0**
0.67
0.76
     Fasting insulin, μU/mL
14.8 ± 6.9
13.9 ± 9.9
12.6 ± 6.5
-2.2**
0.10
0.84
     Body mass index, kg/m2
37.9 ± 6.0
36.5 ± 5.7
35.2 ± 6.1
-2.7**
0.05
0.10
     Body weight, kg
105.2 ± 19.8
101.0 ± 16.9
98.3 ± 20.3
-6.9**
0.008
0.01
LCKD
n = 21
n = 21
n = 21



     Hemoglobin A1c, %
8.8 ± 1.8
7.2 ± 1.2
7.3 ± 1.5
-1.5**


     Fasting glucose, mg/dL
178.1 ± 72.9
156.4 ± 50.7
158.2 ± 50.0
-19.9**


     Fasting insulin, uU/mL
20.4 ± 9.3
14.3 ± 8.3
14.4 ± 6.9
-6.0**


     Body mass index, kg/m2
37.8 ± 6.7
34.4 ± 5.6
33.9 ± 5.8
-3.9**


     Body weight, kg
108.4 ± 20.5
100.1 ± 17.8
97.3 ± 17.6
-11.1**



LGID = low-glycemic, reduced-calorie diet; LCKD = low-carbohydrate, ketogenic diet

* Adjusted for baseline values.

** p < 0.05 for within-group change from Baseline to Week 24.

Westman et al. Nutrition & Metabolism 2008 5:36   doi:10.1186/1743-7075-5-36