|
Dimethylarginines and some associated variables, markers of peroxidation and carbohydrates at baseline and after 36 months according to the intervention strategies. Median values (25, 75 percentiles) are given. |
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| No Diet Intervention |
Diet Intervention |
Placebo (corn oil) |
n-3 PUFA |
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| Baseline (n = 279) |
36 Months (n = 241) |
Baseline (n = 279) |
36 Months (n = 244) |
Baseline (n = 281) |
36 Months (n = 239) |
Baseline (n = 282) |
36 Months (n = 248) |
p1 |
p2 |
|
|
|
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| ADMA (μM) |
1.42 (1.11, 1.75) |
1.41 (1.14, 1.78) |
1.38 (1.15, 1.76) |
1.40 (1.12, 1.77) |
1.38 (1.10, 1.77) |
1.39 (1.14, 1.80) |
1.39 (1.16, 1.75) |
1.42 (1.13, 1.76) |
0.62 |
0.93 |
| SDMA (μM) |
0.23 (0.17, 0.33) |
0.26 (0.17, 0.38)* |
0.23 (0.16, 0.34) |
0.26 (0.17, 0.39) |
0.22 (0.16, 0.33) |
0.26 (0.18, 0.38) |
0.23 (0.17, 0.34) |
0.26 (0.17, 0.39) |
0.24 |
0.71 |
| L-arginine (μM) |
85 (76, 97) |
85 (76, 94) |
86 (76, 98) |
86 (75, 99) |
87 (76, 97) |
84 (75, 95) † |
85 (77, 97) |
88 (76, 97) |
0.80 |
<0.05 |
| L-arg/ADMA |
62 (48, 76) |
59 (47, 77) |
61 (49, 78) |
61 (49, 80) |
62 (49, 78) |
60 (47, 77) |
62 (48, 77) |
61 (49, 80) |
0.97 |
0.32 |
| Nitrate/nitrite (μM) |
26.2 (22.0, 34.4) |
27.6 (21.7, 34.3) |
25.9 (21.5, 35.2) |
26.4 (21.7, 34.4) |
25.5 (21.6, 36.1) |
27.3 (21.5, 34.8) |
27.4 (21.9, 34.3) |
27.1 (21.9, 34.2) |
0.99 |
0.65 |
| oxLDL-C (U/L) |
68 (57, 80) |
61 (47, 74) ‡ |
65 (53, 84) |
59 (48, 75) ‡ |
65 (54, 82) |
60 (47, 74) ‡ |
69 (55, 82) |
60 (49, 74) ‡ |
0.49 |
0.25 |
| TBARS (μmol/L) |
1.20 (0.96, 1.68) |
1.28 (0.96, 1.76) |
1.20 (0.96, 1.60) |
1.20 (0.88, 1.60) |
1.20 (0.96, 1.60) |
1.28 (0.96, 1.68) |
1.20 (0.96, 1.68) |
1.20 (0.88, 1.68) |
0.75 |
0.73 |
| Glucose (mmol/L) |
5.6 (5.3, 6.3) |
5.5 (5.0, 6.1) † |
5.6 (5.3, 6.2) |
5.4 (5.0, 5.9) ‡ |
5.6 (5.3, 6.3) |
5.5 (5.0, 6.1) ‡ |
5.6 (5.2, 6.1) |
5.5 (5.0, 6.0) ‡ |
0.08 |
0.75 |
| HbA1c (%) |
5.6 (5.3, 5.9) |
5.7 (5.5, 6.1) ‡ |
5.6 (5.3, 5.8) |
5.7 (5.5, 5.9) ‡ |
5.6 (5.4, 5.9) |
5.7 (5.5, 6.1) ‡ |
5.5 (5.3, 5.8) |
5.7 (5.5, 5.9) ‡ |
0.41 |
0.31 |
| Insulin (pmol/L) |
112 (92, 153) |
109 (85, 139) ‡ |
121 (94, 154) |
105 (83, 131) ‡ |
120 (94, 155) |
109 (87, 143) ‡ |
113 (92, 152) |
103 (79, 131) ‡ |
0.28 |
0.35 |
| HOMA score |
4.0 (3.0, 5.7) |
3.7 (2.8, 5.0) ‡ |
4.3 (3.2, 5.5) |
3.6 (2.7, 4.7) ‡ |
4.3 (3.3, 5.8) |
3.7 (2.9, 5.3) ‡ |
4.0 (3.0, 5.6) |
3.5 (2.7, 4.6) ‡ |
0.16 |
0.40 |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) |
88 (80, 96) |
96 (89, 109) ‡ |
88 (81, 99) |
97 (89, 109) ‡ |
88 (80, 96) |
96 (87, 106) ‡ |
88 (81, 98) |
97 (89, 110) ‡ |
<0.05 |
0.21 |
| BMI (kg/m2) |
26.5 (24.3, 28.7) |
26.6 (24.6, 29.3) |
26.5 (24.0, 28.5) |
26.2 (23.8, 28.7) |
26.6 (23.9, 28.8) |
26.8 (24.3, 29.3) |
26.4 (24.2, 28.4) |
26.3 (24.3, 28.4) |
<0.05 |
0.071 |
| SBP (mmHg) |
149 (134, 160) |
143 (132, 156) ‡ |
147 (137, 161) |
142 (128, 154) ‡ |
148 (134, 161) |
142 (129, 156) ‡ |
148 (138, 160) |
142 (131, 154) ‡ |
0.40 |
0.48 |
| DBP (mmHg) |
83 (76, 91) |
79 (72, 87) ‡ |
84 (77, 91) |
78 (70, 86) ‡ |
84 (77, 91) |
78 (70, 87) ‡ |
84 (77, 91) |
78 (71, 86) ‡ |
0.09 |
0.40 |
|
TBARS: thiobarbituric-acid-reacting substances, BMI: Body mass index, SBP: systolic blood pressure, DBP: diastolic blood pressure. * p <0.05, † p <0.01, ‡ p <0.001, refers to intra group changes from baseline to 36 months. p1 and p2, refers to differences in changes from baseline to 36 months between diet and no-diet intervention, and PUFA and placebo supplementation, respectively. | ||||||||||
Eid et al. Nutrition & Metabolism 2006 3:4 doi:10.1186/1743-7075-3-4 |
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