Table 4

Serum test results (n = 21)

Measurement
Week 0
Mean (SD)
Week 16
Mean (SD)
Change
%
p value*

Hemoglobin A1c, %
7.5 (1.4)
6.3 (1.0)
-16.0
<0.001
Glucose, mmol/L
9.08 (4.09)
7.57 (2.63)
-16.6
0.04
Total cholesterol, mmol/L
4.61 (1.40)
4.54 (1.26)
-1.5
0.7
Triglyceride, mmol/L
2.69 (2.87)
1.57 (1.38)
-41.6
0.001
HDL-C, mmol/L
0.92 (0.20)
0.99 (0.22)
7.6
0.08
LDL-C, mmol/L
2.51 (0.64)
2.77 (0.89)
10.4
0.1
Sodium, mmol/L
138.2 (3.4)
140.2 (3.4)
1.4
0.02
Potassium, mmol/L
4.2 (0.4)
4.2 (0.3)
0
0.2
Chloride, mmol/L
101.0 (3.4)
103.8 (2.8)
2.8
0.001
Bicarbonate, mmol/L
28.8 (2.0)
28.2 (2.5)
-2.1
0.3
Urea nitrogen, mg/dL
5.90 (1.90)
6.27 (1.81)
6.3
0.3
Creatinine, μmol/L
82.8 (20.4)
79.9 (19.1)
-3.5
0.3
Calcium, mmol/L
2.32 (0.11)
2.33 (0.08)
0.4
0.8
Uric acid, μmol/L
403.5 (94.6)
352.1 (85.4)
-10.3
0.01
TSH, mIU/L
1.6 (1.0)
1.4 (0.7)
-12.7
0.2
Hemoglobin, g/L
142 (11)
141 (10)
-0.7
0.8

Legend: TSH = thyroid-stimulating hormone, HDL-C = high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C = low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

* By paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-ranks test.

Serum calcium, TSH, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and HDL-C results are based on n of 20 because one participant did not have these tests at baseline. Uric acid is based on n of 19. LDL-C is based on n of 17 because triglyceride levels were too high at baseline to calculate LDL-C in 3 participants.

Yancy et al. Nutrition & Metabolism 2005 2:34   doi:10.1186/1743-7075-2-34