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Comparison of average daily intake (excluding supplements) of energy, fat and specific fatty acids between the Mediterranean Diet (MD) group and the Control Diet (CD) group. The dietary intake is based on the diet history interviews performed between study weeks seven and twelve. |
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| MD group (n = 17) |
CD group (n = 17) |
P-value* |
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| Energy (MJ) |
8.8 ± 1.6 |
9.8 ± 3.2 |
p = 0.242 |
| Fat (g) |
60.4 ± 21.9 |
89.3 ± 33.1 |
p = 0.005 |
| Total saturated fatty acids (g) |
18.3 ± 8.2 |
40.5 ± 18.3 |
p < 0.001 |
| Total monounsaturated fatty acids (g) |
25.3 ± 10.5 |
31.9 ± 11.1 |
p = 0.088 |
| Total polyunsaturated fatty acids (g) |
11.8 ± 3.9 |
10.6 ± 3.5 |
p = 0.381 |
| Total n-6 fatty acids (g)† |
7.9 ± 2.5 |
8.2 ± 2.7 |
p = 0.743 |
| Total n-3 fatty acids (g)‡ |
3.1 ± 1.3 |
2.0 ± 0.9 |
p = 0.008 |
| Ratio n-6:n-3 |
2.7 ± 0.6 |
4.4 ± 0.9 |
p < 0.001 |
| Fat (E%§) |
25.0 ± 5.3 |
33.7 ± 5.6 |
p < 0.001 |
| Total saturated fatty acids (E%) |
7.5 ± 2.4 |
15.0 ± 3.7 |
p < 0.001 |
| Total monounsaturated fatty acids (E%) |
10.5 ± 2.8 |
12.2 ± 2.2 |
p = 0.067 |
| Total polyunsaturated fatty acids (E%) |
5.0 ± 1.1 |
4.1 ± 1.1 |
p = 0.028¶ |
| Fatty acids (g): |
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| 4:0–10:0 |
0.77(0.32–1.59) |
3.51(1.72–4.79) |
p < 0.001 |
| 12:0 |
0.44(0.28–0.93) |
1.67(0.93–2.56) |
p < 0.001 |
| 14:0 |
1.81(1.07–2.90) |
4.68(2.79–6.19) |
p < 0.001 |
| 16:0 |
9.46(7.29–13.29) |
18.54(14.98–26.00) |
p < 0.001 |
| 18:0 |
2.80(1.99–4.34) |
6.85(5.94–9.97) |
p < 0.001 |
| 20:0 |
0.14(0.10–0.19) |
0.19(0.16–0.38) |
p = 0.016 |
| 16:1n-7 |
0.95(0.70–1.22) |
1.25(1.05–1.84) |
p = 0.014 |
| 18:1n-9 |
20.50(14.98–28.05) |
27.55(21.52–35.67) |
p = 0.049 |
| 18:2n-6 |
7.42(5.80–9.46) |
7.90(5.78–9.77) |
p = 0.892 |
| 18:3n-3 |
1.79(1.23–2.36) |
1.42(1.09–2.09) |
p = 0.454 |
| 20:4n-6 |
0.08(0.05–0.10) |
0.08(0.04–0.13) |
p = 0.708 |
| 20:5n-3 |
0.35(0.23–0.59) |
0.11(0.06–0.18) |
p < 0.001 |
| 22:5, n-3 and n-6 |
0.07(0.05–0.11) |
0.02(0.01–0.05) |
p = 0.001 |
| 22:6n-3 |
0.73(0.44–1.03) |
0.21(0.12–0.30) |
p < 0.001 |
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Data are presented as mean ± SD for normally distributed variables and as medians (25th–75th percentiles) for variables with skew distributions. *The P-values refer to the difference between diet- and control group. Differences between groups were analyzed by the Students t-test for independent samples for normally distributed variables and by the Mann-Whitney U test for variables with skew distributions; †sum of 18:2n-6 and 20:4n-6; ‡sum of 18:3n-3, 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3; §E% = percent of total energy. ¶Difference between groups regarding E% polyunsaturated fatty acids was not significant (p = 0.101) when under- and over-reporters were excluded. | |||
Hagfors et al. Nutrition & Metabolism 2005 2:26 doi:10.1186/1743-7075-2-26 |
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