Table 1

Selected hepatic PPARα regulated genes with at least one functional peroxisome proliferator receptor element (PPRE) identified within the promoter sequence

Gene

Function

Species

References

Acyl CoA binding protein

fatty acyl-CoA ester transport

rat

127

Acyl CoA oxidase

peroxisomal β-oxidation

rat, human

128-130

Apolipoprotein-AI and AII

plasma HDL metabolism

human, mouse, rat

131-134

Apolipoprotein-AV

plasma triglyceride metabolism

human

134

Apolipoprotein-CIII

plasma HDL metabolism

rat

135

Bifunctional enzyme

peroxisomal β-oxidation

rat

136

Carnitine palmitoyl transferase-I and -II

mitochondrial β-oxidation

human, mouse, rat, hamster

132, 137-139

Cytochrome P450 enzymes

fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism

rat, mouse, human

130, 141-145

Δ6- and Δ5-desaturase

desaturation of fatty acyl-CoA

mouse

146

Fatty acid binding protein

fatty acid binding/transport

mouse

147

Fatty acid transport protein and translocase

fatty acid transport

mouse

148, 149

Lipoprotein lipase

triglyceride clearance

mouse

148, 149

Liver X receptor α

cholesterol metabolism

mouse

150, 151

Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase

fatty acid activation

human, mouse

139, 152

Malic enzyme

fatty acid synthesis

mouse, rat

153, 154

Mitochondrial HMG-CoA synthase

ketogenesis

rat, human

152, 155

Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase

mitochondrial β-oxidation

mouse

138, 139

Phospholipid transfer protein

HDL metabolism

human

156

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1

desaturation of fatty acyl CoA

mouse

157

Superoxide dismutase

free radical metabolism

rat

158

Thiolase B

mitochondrial β-oxidation

rat

159

Transferrin

iron transport

human

160

Very long- and long-chain acyl CoA dehydrogenases

mitochondrial β-oxidation

mouse

139

Abbreviations: HDL, high density lipoprotein; HMG-CoA, hydroxymethylglutaryl-Coenzyme A

Fatehi-Hassanabad and Chan Nutrition & Metabolism 2005 2:1   doi:10.1186/1743-7075-2-1